Halmahera Blue Tongue Skink (Tiliqua gigas gigas) Care Sheet

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Halmahera Blue Tongue Skink (Tiliqua gigas gigas)

Difficulty: Intermediate

Halmahera blue tongue skinks are diurnal, terrestrial lizards found in the tropical forests of Halmahera island, Indonesia. They can measure between 18-24” long in adulthood, although this locality tends to be smaller than others. They have an average lifespan of 15-20 years, although, with good care, they can live past the age of 30.

Blue tongue skinks have thick, sausage-like bodies, short but strong limbs, and triangular heads. But their most distinctive feature is their namesake — a blue tongue! Halmahera blue tongue skinks can generally be distinguished by their orange to reddish base color with dark banding along the length of the body, dark speckles in-between, solid black arms, and thin dark lines on the head. The belly is salmon orange or white with plentiful black markings.

Halmahera blue tongue skinks are one of the most common types of Indonesian blue tongue skinks in the US and are typically wild-caught rather than captive-bred.

What You Need for a Bioactive Halmahera Blue Tongue Skink Enclosure

4’L x 2’W x 2’H enclosure (preferably larger)
Exo Terra Reptile Glow Light, small, x2
50w Arcadia Halogen Heat Lamp, x2
Flagstone, x1
Two-socket rheostat
Bio Dude Digital Thermometer / Hygrometer, x2
22” Arcadia 12% UVB T5 HO bulb (or 6%, depending on distance — see Lighting section)
24” Bio Dude Solar Grow T5 HO Single Bulb Light Strip
Zilla 24/7 Digital Timer Power Center
Exo Terra Mister
Zoo Med Repti Fogger
4x2x2 Indonesian Blue Tongue Skink Lizard Bioactive Habitat Terrarium Kit
Clean Up Crew
- Springtails
- Dwarf isopods
- Tropical isopods
Hide/cave (at least 1)
Medium water bowl
Repashy Calcium Plus supplement
Zoo Med Stainless Steel 10" Curved Feeding Tongs

Terrarium Size

For housing one Halmahera blue tongue skink, you need an enclosure no smaller than 4’L x 2’W x 2’H, and preferably larger. Bigger is always better, and blue tongue skinks will happily use as much space as you can give them.

For maximum convenience, get an enclosure that opens from the front rather than from the top. There should also be a substrate dam about 6” high to accommodate all of the soil you need for a functional bioactive setup. PVC is generally the best material for a blue tongue skink enclosure, as it’s waterproof, strong, and lightweight. However, glass or well-sealed wood are also options. For reasons of ventilation and the installation of lighting and heating equipment, it’s ideal to use an enclosure with a screen top.

Do not house more than one blue tongue skink per enclosure. Cohabiting blueys is likely to lead to conflicts, which often leads to injury, and in a worst-case scenario can result in death.

Lighting

Blue-tongued skinks are diurnal, which means that they are active during the day. They are stimulated by the presence of bright light in their environment, and they require exposure to strong UVB light in order to stay healthy. Reptiles use UVB light to create the vitamin D that their body needs, as well as to strengthen their immune system, and stimulate the production of endorphins. UVB even helps reduce the presence of pathogens, which is especially important for bioactive setups.

Because UVB intensity varies by distance from the source, the best UVB lamp for your Halmahera blue tongue skink depends on the distance you plan to have between the bulb and the skink in the basking area, as well as whether the lamp’s output is obstructed by mesh:

Arcadia T5 HO 12% — 12-15” (mesh), 17-18” (no mesh)
Zoo Med T5 HO Reptisun 10.0 — 12-15” (mesh), 17-18” (no mesh)
Arcadia T5 HO 6% — 7-9” (mesh), 11-12” (no mesh)
Zoo Med T5 HO Reptisun 5.0 — 7-9” (mesh), 11-12” (no mesh)

Regardless of which UVB you use, it should be roughly half the length of the enclosure, placed on the same side as the heat lamps, and mounted in a high-quality reflective T5 HO fixture like the Arcadia ProT5 or the Bio Dude Solar Grow light strip.

Your UVB bulb must be replaced every 12 months to maintain its output. Resist the temptation to use other, cheaper brands — when it comes to UVB, brand matters!

Because this is a bioactive setup, you will also need plant light to encourage healthy plant growth. We recommend at least one 22” Bio Dude Glow & Grow LED lamp or Arcadia JungleDawn LED Bar for this purpose. This bright light is also good for your bluey’s energy levels and mental health!

Lights should be kept on for 12 hours/day, or synced with your local sunrise and sunset times with a smart timer.

Heating

Like other reptiles, blue tongue skinks are poikilothermic, which means that they need a range of temperatures within their enclosure so they can regulate their body temperature as needed. Areas of heat speed up their metabolism and promote activities like digestion and healing. Cool areas slow the metabolism and promote activities like rest and energy conservation.

Halmahera blue tongue skink temperature gradient:

Basking surface temperature: 100-105°F
Cool side temperature: 75-85°F

Turn off the heat at night to let things cool down, but don’t let temperatures drop below 70°F.

To create a basking area for your blue tongue skink, you will need a cluster of at least two halogen flood heat bulbs like the 50-75w Arcadia Halogen Heat Lamps (optimum wattage may vary) and at least two small dome lamp fixtures like the small Exo Terra Reptile Glow Light or the Zoo Med Mini Combo Deep Dome fixture. If the basking area gets too warm, you can plug the lamps into a lamp dimmer like the Zoo Med Rheostat and reduce the heat that way. If the basking area is too cool, you will need higher-wattage bulbs.

Place one temperature probe on the basking surface and another temperature probe on the opposite side of the enclosure to track your temperature gradient.

Humidity

Halmahera blue tongue skinks need an environment with very high humidity levels, higher than any other type of blue tongue. Average ambient humidity should be 80-100%, ranging lower during the day and higher at night.

Keep track of your humidity levels with a digital hygrometer like the Bio Dude Digital Thermometer / Hygrometer, with the probe placed in the middle of the enclosure. To keep track of humidity levels underground, place another probe inside one of the burrows.

To increase and maintain your humidity levels, use a pressure sprayer like the Exo Terra Mister 2x/daily, every evening and morning. Alternatively, you can automate this with an automatic misting system. Intermittent fogging with a reptile humidifier like the Zoo Med Repti Fogger during the night is best practice.

Substrate

A thick layer of bioactive-compatible substrate is essential to creating a bioactive Halmahera blue tongue skink enclosure. About 6” of substrate will provide plenty of space for the plant’s roots, allow for burrowing, and better facilitate a vertical moisture gradient within the substrate for your CUC (Clean Up Crew).

Because this is a tropical setup with a lot of water involved, you will need a drainage layer. You can use 2” of loose stone or clay balls for this purpose, like Bio Dude Hydro Grow. If you want a more lightweight solution, try Bio Dude Super Grow.

For the dirt, you will need a soil-like mix that mimics the soil of the Indonesian rainforest and nurtures tropical plants. If you want to make your own, you will need a mixture of 60% organic topsoil and 40% coconut fiber or peat moss to total roughly 80 quarts of the substrate, or 2.7 cubic feet. Mix that with leaf litter, sphagnum moss, and 2 doses of 36qt Bio Shot to inoculate your soil with beneficial microfauna.

Alternatively, you can let The Bio Dude do the work for you with The Bio Dude’s Terra Firma bioactive substrate kit.

To make the substrate functional, make sure to add tropical CUC organisms like powder blue/orange isopods, dwarf white isopods, and springtails. You can also add other species like earthworms and super worms!

Decorating the Enclosure

Enclosure décor is more than just making your setup look good. It’s also an important part of providing environmental enrichment to your lizard, which enhances your pet’s quality of life by providing opportunities to express natural behaviors. Use things like sturdy low branches, cork flats/hollows, caves, and plants to fulfill that need. Don’t be afraid to clutter it up!

Live plants in particular are critical to helping your mini-ecosystem function properly. Make sure the plants that you choose are nontoxic in case your bluey decides to take a nibble (TheTortoiseTable.org.uk is a great resource for checking plant safety!) It’s also important to make sure that any plants you use are robust enough to handle being potentially trampled by an up to 2lb lizard, or structured to minimize this risk. Moss, croton, dieffenbachia, dracaena, ficus, pothos, philodendron, and sturdier peperomia plants are likely to be suitable options for Halmahera blue tongue skinks.

Feeding Your Halmahera Blue Tongue Skink

Blue-tongued skinks are omnivores, which means that they need to eat a balanced diet of animal- and plant-based foods in order to be healthy. And like humans, blue tongue skinks’ nutritional needs change as they grow. However, unlike humans, they need to eat less as they get older — not more:

Babies (0-3 months old): daily, 70-80% protein + 20-30% plants
Juveniles (3-8 months old): 3x/week, 70-80% protein + 20-30% plants
Subadults and Adults (>8 months old): 1-2x/week, 50-60% protein + 40-50% plants

One portion of food for a blue tongue skink should be roughly the same size as their skull. One of the keys to success with blue tongue skinks (and most reptiles, for that matter) is to feed them as large of a variety of foods as possible!

Protein options: dubia roaches, discoid roaches, black soldier fly larvae, mealworms, super worms, hornworms, silkworms, grasshoppers, earthworms, canned snails, high-quality canned dog/cat food

Vegetable options: collard greens, cactus pads, spring mix, arugula, kale, pea shoots, alfalfa, bok choy, carrot greens, spinach, dandelion greens/flowers, hibiscus leaves/flowers

Feeder insects should be no larger than your skink’s head. ALL FEEDER INSECTS SHOULD BE LIGHTLY DUSTED WITH CALCIUM SUPPLEMENT BEFORE FEEDING, and dog/cat food should be as well. Non-citrus fruits can be offered occasionally as treats, but due to their sugar content, they should not be a frequent part of your pet’s diet.

Calcium & Vitamins

To ensure that your pet is getting all the vitamins and minerals they need, you need calcium powder and multivitamin powder. Take care not to use too much; too many vitamins can be just as deadly as too little. Repashy Calcium Plus is a good way to provide a safe dose of each at the same time.

Water

For drinking water, use a medium-sized bowl that is shallow enough to prevent drowning. The water should be changed whenever it gets soiled. Scrub the bowl with an animal-safe disinfectant at least once a week.

Handling Tips

When you first bring home your new pet, resist the temptation to immediately start playing with it. You’re huge compared to a blue tongue skink, and s/he needs time to figure out that you’re not going to eat them. Let your new pet settle in for at least 2 weeks before you start handling it.

Once your bluey has established confidence in his/her new home, you can introduce yourself. Let them watch you outside of the enclosure. Rest your hand in the enclosure and allow the lizard to familiarize itself with your hand.

Even blue tongue skinks can be a bit skittish when they’re young and/or in a new situation. But eventually, they’ll stop running away from your hand and get used to your presence. This is when you can start to handle them. But just because you have reached this step does not mean your pet trusts you. Trust and friendship (as far as it goes for lizards) takes time and daily handling, although each will have a slightly different personality and preferences.

Handling Techniques